S
seamless software
Computer applications that can be linked together without any apparent communication problems.
sector
A computer smallest addressable portion of data storage. The address is an identification (number or name) for the data storage location on a disk.
self cover
Cover of a booklet of the same paper grade and weighs as the inside pages.
sensitivity
Minimum input capable of producing an output motion.
serial transmission
Data transmission that sends one data bit at a time.
serif
- Thin lines added to the end of a letterform’s stem and stroke.
- Typeface that uses serifs. According to most typographers, serif typefaces are ideal for large blocks of text because the serifs improve readability. All newspapers I know, do use serif typefaces for text.
service bureau
An organization that provides output from digital files, usually to a PostScript imagesetter. Service bureaus are contrasted to trade shops, which ordinarily use a combination of manual and electronic prepress equipment to output and assemble film.
set-off spray
A dry or liquid spray attachment on presses to prevent ink from transferring from the top of one printed sheet to the bottom of the next. It is also called anti-offset spray.
set solid
To set lines of type without any additional vertical space between them. When a 12 point typeface is set on 12, it is set solid. The letter descenders of the line above will often appear to touch letter ascenders from the line below.
SGML
Abbreviation for Standard Generalized Markup Language, a computer programming language that is used to code the attributes of text files for subsequent formatting or achiving. In a way this is the precursor of HTML.
shading
To change the brightness or color of parts of a graphic image to simulate a three-dimensional depth.
shadow
The darkest part of an image, usually with the density at or near maximum density.
shape
An attribute of an image that gives it the three-dimensional appearance. For example, the cyan separation gives an apple its three-dimensional appearance by printing a minimum amount of cyan in the front and an increasing amount of cyan around the side of the apple.
sharpen
To make halftone printing dots smaller. Using negative separations, sharpening is accomplished with dot etching. Over exposure will also sharpen the negative films. When positive working plates are made using positive transparencies, sharpening happens automatically and the size of the printing dots are reduced by 5%. This sharpening is called negative dot gain.
sharpness
The term that describes the appearance of the image edges in a picture, photograph, video display, proof or anywhere images are seen. As the image edges are sharpened, more detail will be visible. Unsharpen image edges are fuzzy and appear “out of focus;” the more clear cut the image edge, the more sharp, “in focus,” the image is. Edge sharpness can be increased with unsharp masking.
sheet work
See sheetwise
sheetfed press
A printing press that feeds sheets of paper, rather than a continuous paper roll or web. Sheets of different sizes can be printed on the same press.
sheetwise
The layout of images in a way that requires the use of separate plates to print the front and back of a sheet.
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