This dictionary covers design, prepress and printing topics.
It was created with the help of Stan Schwartz.

A-B-C-D-E-F-G-H-I-J-K-L-M-N-O-P-Q-R-S-T-U-V-W-X-Y-Z

UCA
abbreviation for Under Color Addition, a technique that increases the saturation and vibrancy of an image by adding cyan, magenta, and yellow inks to areas where a lot of black ink is printing. The result is more vibrancy but higher total ink coverage.

UCR
Abbreviation for Under Color Removal, a technique that replaces equivalent portion of cyan, magenta and yellow ink by black ink, mainly in the neutral parts and the shadows of an image. UCR produces images with a lower total ink coverage than GCR, although the images typically are not as saturated or vibrant. UCR is usually used to produce CMYK images that will be printed on uncoated paper, such as newsprint.

UDP
Abbreviation for User Datagram Protocol

UGR
Abbreviation for Undercolour Gray Removal

UGRA wedge
Special film strip control device that is about 1 inch by 6 inches in size and contains test targets for controlling accurate film exposures on contacts and printing plates. UGRA is a graphic art research association located in Switzerland.

umlaut
two horizontal dots over a letter, as in the German word ‘Köpfe’.

under correction
Insufficient color correction made to compensate for the hue errors of process inks. The result is a reproduction that appears to have one or all hues contaminated with the wrong color. The reproduction will print to dark; the colors will appear to warm or dirty. Under correction is the opposite of over correction.

undercolor addition
A technique that is used to add cyan, magenta and yellow printing dots in dark neutral areas in the reproduction.

unicode
Character set that has been created as the universal replacement for ASCII. Unicode can contain either a 16-bit character set (UCS-2, over 32000 characters) or a 32-bit character set (UCS-4, over 4000000000 characters). Unicode can contain all standard Western characters (the alphabet, numbers, all accents,..) as well as the character set of Oriental and Eastern languages (e.g. all Japanese and Chinese characters).

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